![]() Some people don’t have any symptoms whereas others develop serious complications. Specific symptoms of multiple myeloma can vary between people. What are the symptoms of light chain multiple myeloma? Research suggests that lambda light chain myeloma has a poorer prognosis than kappa light chain myeloma. The genes that code for kappa light chains are found on chromosome 2 while lambda genes are found on chromosome 22. These two types of proteins have different structures. These light chains can build up in the kidneys, nerves, or other organs and cause serious complications. Light chain myeloma can be classified as lambda or kappa light chain myeloma, depending on which type the cancerous cells produce. They only produce light chain proteins and no heavy chains. In people with light chain myeloma, also called Bence-Jones myeloma, cancer cells don’t produce entire immunoglobins. Multiple myeloma can be classified based on the types of immunoglobulins produced by cancerous plasma cells. Immunoglobin can be divided into 10 types depending on the type of heavy and light chains they’re made up of: Heavy chains are classified as G, A, D, E, or M. Light chains are classified as kappa or lambda, depending on their molecular structure. These abnormal proteins can’t defend your body like normal immunoglobulins can. Normal immunoglobulins are classified as polyclonal proteins, whereas cancerous plasma cells produce monoclonal proteins only made up of one light chain and one heavy chain. Immunoglobulins are made up of two subunits called light chains and two called heavy chains. Plasma cells produce immunoglobulins to fight against foreign invaders. What are light chains in multiple myeloma? ![]()
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